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The Silent Killer - Myocardial Infarction (MI)

Heart Health, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Public Health Ghana, Medical Education, Beyond Clinics

 

Myocardial Infarction (MI) – Understanding the Silent Killer


 

What is a Heart Attack?

A Myocardial Infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, leading to damage or death of heart muscle tissue. This medical emergency remains one of the leading causes of death globally — and Ghana is no exception.

With increasing lifestyle-related risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and sedentary living, heart attacks are becoming more prevalent — even among younger adults.

Warning Signs and Symptoms

  • Chest pain or discomfort – may feel like pressure, squeezing, or fullness.
  • Pain in arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach.
  • Shortness of breath – even at rest.
  • Cold sweat, nausea, or lightheadedness.

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek emergency help immediately.

What Causes a Heart Attack?

Most heart attacks are caused by coronary artery disease (CAD) — a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries. A ruptured plaque can form a blood clot that blocks oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

Key risk factors:

  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol
  • Smoking and alcohol abuse
  • Diabetes
  • Unhealthy diet and inactivity
  • Family history of heart disease
Image: Illustration of heart attack warning signs

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnostic tools:

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Troponin blood tests
  • Echo or coronary angiography

Emergency treatments:

  • Aspirin and clot-busting drugs
  • Angioplasty and stenting
  • Bypass surgery in severe cases

🛡 Prevention: Protecting Your Heart

  • Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
  • Exercise 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week
  • Stop smoking and limit alcohol
  • Manage stress and sleep
  • Get regular checkups

Final Thoughts

Myocardial infarction is a growing threat in Ghana, but it is largely preventable. Early detection, lifestyle changes, and education are the keys to saving lives. Don’t ignore chest pain or discomfort — act fast, and spread awareness.

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    • Author: Martin Donkor – Public Health Educator & Blogger
    📧 Email: donkormartin08@gmail.com
    📍 Location: Mampong, Ghana

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